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Detection of pain

Posted by Piscean on October 29, 2011

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Detection of pain

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Peripheral

Diagram of peripheral factors involved in nociception (Figure 1.1)

Central nervous system

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Division of Nervous System

Division of Nervous System Click to view Full size

Organization of autonomic nervous system

Organization of autonomic nervous system The autonomic nervous system regulates all involuntary functions such as secretion of hormones; contraction of the heart muscle, blood vessels and bronchioles; and the ability to move substances through the digestive tract. The ANS can be further divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems (PNS). The autonomic nervous system consists of sensory neurons and motor neurons that run between the central nervous system (especially the hypothalamus and medulla oblongata ) and various internal organs such as the: heart lungs viscera glands (both exocrine and endocrine) It is responsible for monitoring conditions in the internal environment and bringing about appropriate changes in them. The contraction of both smooth muscle and cardiac muscle is controlled by motor neurons of the autonomic system. The actions of the autonomic nervous system are largely involuntary (in contrast to those o...

Erectile dysfunction therapy drugs

Erectile dysfunction therapy drugs Erectile dysfunction therapy drugs treat penile erectile dysfunction that results from a lack of blood flowing through the corpus cavernosum. This type of erectile dysfunction usually stems from vascular and neurologic conditions. Drugs used for erectile dysfunction include alprostadil, sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil. Warning ! Adverse reactions to urinary tract antispasmodics Possible adverse reactions to urinary tract antispasmodics include: blurred vision headache somnolence urinary retention dry mouth dyspepsia constipation nausea vomiting weight gain pain acute and secondary angle-closure glaucoma. Pharmacokinetics Erectile dysfunction drugs are well absorbed in the GI tract. Distribution of these drugs isn’t known. The majority of these drugs’including sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil’are given orally, metabolized in the liver, and excreted in feces. An exceptional drug Alprostadil is the exception:...

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Detection of pain

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