| Indication | For the lowering of intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Brimonidine significantly lowers intraocular pressure with minimal effects on cardiovascular and pulmonary parameters. It lowers intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous humor production and increasing uveoscleral outflow. |
| Mechanism of action | Brimonidine is an alpha adrenergic receptor agonist (primarily alpha-2). It has a peak ocular hypotensive effect occurring at two hours post-dosing. Fluorophotometric studies in animals and humans suggest that Brimonidine has a dual mechanism of action by reducing aqueous humor production and increasing uveoscleral outflow. |
| Absorption | Minimal systemic absorption occurs after ocular insertion. |
| Volume of distribution | Not Available |
| Protein binding | Not Available |
| Metabolism | Metabolized primarily by the liver. |
| Route of elimination | It is metabolized primarily by the liver. Urinary excretion is the major route of elimination of the drug and its metabolites. |
| Half life | 2 hours |
| Clearance | Not Available |
| Toxicity | Oral LD50 is 50 mg/kg in mice and 100 mg/kg in rats. |
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