| Indication |
For the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (acute cystitis) in women due to susceptible strains of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. |
| Pharmacodynamics |
Fosfomycin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that concentrates in
kidney and bladder and is used to treat uncomplicated urinary tract
infections. Fosfomycin also reduces nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity of
platinum-containing anti-tumor agents. |
| Mechanism of action |
Fosfomycin is a phosphoenolpyruvate analogue produced by
Streptomyces that irreversibly inhibits enolpyruvate transferase (MurA),
which prevents the formation of N-acetylmuramic acid, an essential
element of the peptidoglycan cell wall. |
| Absorption |
Fosfomycin tromethamine is rapidly absorbed following oral
administration and converted to fosfomycin. Oral bioavailability under
fasting conditions is 37%. When given with food, oral bioavailability is
reduced to 30% |
| Volume of distribution |
|
| Protein binding |
0% (not bound to plasma proteins) |
| Metabolism |
No transformation, excreted unchanged |
| Route of elimination |
Fosfomycin is excreted unchanged in both urine and feces. |
| Half life |
5.7 (± 2.8) hours. The elimination half-life is 40 hours in anuric patients undergoing hemodialysis. |
| Clearance |
|
| Toxicity |
LD50>5 g/kg (rats). Side effects may include diarrhea |
